During the Middle Pleistocene northern central Europe was repeatedly transgressed by the Fennoscandian ice sheets. In front of these ice sheets large ice-dammed lakes formed that catastrophically drained during deglaciation. Such glacial lake-outburst floods are among the largest floods on earth. They have the capacity to radically modify landscapes, including cutting deep channels and creating new fluvial drainage courses. The glacial and postglacial landscape system in turn was the canvas for early humans / Neanderthals occupation with regard to food and raw material provisioning, as well as access to water and shelter. In addition, after deglaciation, many of the erosional features that were cut by glaciers or meltwater remained unfilled and became lakes during the Eemian. These lakes represent potential Palaeolithic archives.